MORE INFO ABOUT CENOTES and CENOTES DIVING ...

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QUE SONT LES CENOTES ?

 

Dans la péninsule du Yucatan, la Mecque de cette frange de fêlés que constituent les plongeurs spéléos,  on trouve une attraction aussi irrésistible que le vaste réseau de galeries souterraines et sensiblement moins ésotérique : les cenotes. D'étonnantes grottes calcaires remplies d'eau douce si claire, si pure (souvent plus de 100m de visibilité !) que votre compagnon de plongée semble flotter dans le vide ...

Les cenotes sont des trous d'eau en pleine forêt. La péninsule du Yucatan est entièrement constituée de calcaire. Pendant les périodes de glaciation, l'eau de pluie s'est infiltrée au travers de la roche poreuse, formant grottes, galeries et vastes voûtes. Ces cenotes sont en réalité des rivières souterraines et forment le plus important réseau souterrain de grottes du monde. Par endroit, les voûtes se sont effondrées et ont ainsi donné naissance à ces pittoresques puits naturels, parfois de grande taille, en pleine jungle.

Les mayas appelaient ces trous d'eau "Dzonot" (puits sacrés), d'où le nom espagnol "cenote". Ils étaient utilisés comme réserve d'eau douce, mais aussi comme lieu de culte.

 

LA PLONGEE EN CENOTES

 

Les cenotes offrent un avant-goût de plongée spéléo sans risque de claustrophobie, dans la mesure où l'on de s'aventure pas profondément dans les galeries qui prolongent les grottes d'entrée.

Alors qu'en cenote on ne perd pratiquement jamais de vue la lumière du jour, la plongée spéléo s'effectue en environnement clos, sans accès direct à la surface et avec risque de courants qui peuvent entraîner les plongeurs dans les galeries les plus étroites du labyrinthe souterrain. Compte tenu du risque élevé en plongée spéléo, un entraînement spécial et un équipement approprié sont obligatoires.

Il faut être très attentif à son palmage afin de ne pas soulever le sédiment qui recouvre le fond. Si on n'y prête pas garde, la visibilité peut aisément être réduite à zéro ! Il est également important de se déplacer lentement et de parfaitement maîtriser sa flottabilité afin de ne pas se cogner la tête et de ne pas casser les fragiles concrétions, de ne pas perdre de vue la ligne de vie, d'utiliser 1/3 de son air à l'aller, 1/3 au retour et de garder 1/3 de réserve (règle des 3 tiers) et enfin, d'éviter autant la panique que l'excès de confiance ...

Ces plongées sont accessibles à tout plongeur niv II (ou OWD), mais doivent être encadrées par un guide spéléo certifié.

Les cenotes sont aussi superbes à explorer en PMT, s'il y a des non plongeurs dans le groupe.

WHAT ARE CENOTES ?

 

Down in the Yucatán Peninsula, the hotbed of diving’s lunatic fringe -the cavers-, there’s a lure almost as compelling as the area’s vast underground networks and not nearly as arcane : cenotes.  Stunning limestone caverns filled with fresh water so clear and pure (often more than 300 feet of visibility !) that your dive partners appear to float in midair ...

Cenotes are sinkholes in the midst of the forest. The whole Yucatan peninsula consists of limestone. During the ice ages  the rain water permeated the porous stone, forming caves, passageways and huge domes. These cenotes are actually underground rivers and form the largest interconnected cave and cavern system in the world. In some places, the vaults of those caves collapsed and created these picturesque water filled sinkholes, sometimes quite large, in the middle of the jungle.

 

The Mayans called these sinkholes "Dzonot" (sacred well), thus the Spanish word "cenote". They were used for religious ceremonies as well as for water supply.

 

 

CENOTES DIVING


Cenotes diving offer a taste of cave diving without the claustrophobia,
as you don't venture into the caves that are the prolongation of the entrance  caverns. 

While in cenotes one can, most of the time, still see rays of sunlight, the caves are closed environments, without direct access to the surface and with risk of currents that can pull the diver into the narrowest tunnels of the underground labyrinth. Due to the high risk in cave diving, a special course is mandatory as well as complementary equipment.

 

One must be very aware of one's kicking technique to avoid lifting the fine sediment on the bottom. If careless, the water could become cloudy and  visibility would easily be reduced to zero ! It is equally important to move slowly and control the body's buoyancy in order to avoid bumping one's head or breaking any of the fragile formations, not to lose sight of the life line, to use only one third of the air to get in, another one to exit and to preserve the last one as a reserve (the rule of the 3 thirds)  and lastly, to avoid panicking as much as blind confidence ... 

Anyone with open-water certification can dive in the cenotes in the company of a registered cave guide. 

The cenotes also offer superb snorkeling opportunities if there are non-divers in the group. 

 

 

THE BEST CENOTE DIVES !

The following cenotes represent the most popular or "best" cavern dives to experience in Yucatan peninsula ! 

Remember that it is highly recommended to go with a qualified and experienced GUIDE who can take you directly to the cenote, present a safe and organized dive plan and lead you safely through the cavern area. GUIDES should be fully cave certified along with being Scuba Instructors or, better, Cave Diving Instructors. When choosing a dive operator, make sure that they are reliable professionals, that they know the cenotes extremely well and "really care" that your dive is safe and enjoyable. 

THE GRAN CENOTE


Maximum depth: 24 feet. Average: 18 feet.

Visibility: 400 feet+.

Water Temperature: 26°C, freshwater.

Access: 50 meter walk requiring climb down wooden ladder and wooden boardwalk. Platform for easy entry into water.

Considered the prettiest of all the cenote dives with exception to the "Bat" cavern at Cenote Dos Ojos. Highly decorated with speleothems and columns. Water clarity exceptional. Very sensitive environmentally.

A snorkeler's paradise! Located on "private property" with a nominal divesite fee charged. 

First explored by Jim Coke, Johanna DeGroot and Stephen DeCarlo during November, 1988.

CENOTE CARWASH


Maximum depth: 52 feet. Average: 29 feet.

Visibility: 300 feet +.
Water Temperature: 25°C, freshwater.

Access: Very easy with wooden platform and steps. First dived during the early 1980's, this was the "original" cenote dive for the Akumal - Tulum area. 

Very wide entrance area -over 150 feet- with an assortment of tree limbs and branches. This "cavern zone" tapers to a shallower loft area turning into a cave dive. Warning signs installed to stop divers from going beyond unless cave certified. Spectacular exit view. During the warmer months a 5 foot layer of algae exists at the water surface. No permanent guidelines thus requiring a reel and line. 

Good snorkeling during winter months. 

Property owned by the Ejido Tulum with a nominal divesite fee charged.

CENOTES DOS OJOS


Maximum depth: 26 feet.

Visibility: 300 feet+

Water Temperature: 25°C, freshwater.

Access: Located on the Ejido Jacinto Pat property. Divesite fee. 125 meter hike from parking area to the water.

Considered the "best" of all the cenotes. These two giant collapses offer a huge passageway traversing 250 feet from Dos Ojos East to Dos Ojos West. Highly decorated with immense columns, stalactites and stalagmites. Ttwo different dives offered within these two cenotes. The BAT CAVERN is a dreamland of it's own. 

Superb snorkeling. A underwater photographer's paradise. 

First divers to explore it were Jim Coke and Johanna DeGroot in 1986.

CENOTE TAJ MAHAL


Maximum depth: 48 feet. Average: 23 feet.

Visibility: 300 feet+.
Water Temperature: 25-26°C.

Access: Very easy. Cement walkway and platform from parking area to the water. 

The dive involves a 200 feet traverse from the Cenote Taj Mahal to the Cenote Sugarbowl including a very beautiful room with huge airspace involving three holes allowing beams of daylight to penetrate the cavern area. This room is called the "Points of Light". The second cavern area beyond Cenote Sugarbowl leads past a third small opening. Many fossils in the limestone. Awesome exit views. 

Located on private property requiring "sign-in" with Mayan owners. 

First explored by Nancy Derosa, Wayne Nefzger, Tony DeRosa and Steve Gerrard during spring of 1995.

CENOTE PONDEROSA

 

Maximum depth: 55 feet. Average: 27 feet.

Visibility: 300 feet+

Water Temperature: 25°C, freshwater - 26°C, saltwater.

Access: Very easy. Steps leads down to cement platform from parking area. 

This cavern dive is a 300 feet traverse from the Cenote PonDeRosa to the Cenote Corral. This passageway is 15 - 20 feet from floor to ceiling and eighty feet wide. Some speleothem decorations, a variety of five different freshwater tropical fish and an excellent display of geological and fossilized history. 

Located on private property with "sign-in" required. 

Excellent snorkeling. 

First divers to explore this cenote were Tony and Nancy DeRosa and Steve Gerrard during June, 1990.

CENOTE TEMPLE of DOOM

 

Maximum depth: 58 feet. Average 38 feet.

Visibility: 150 feet +.

Access: Requires 120 meter hike through jungle on a rocky path. "Giant stride" entry eight feet to the water or the use of a galvanized pipe ladder for entry/exit.

This cenote is a geologically unique 25 feet diameter hole with a huge undercut ledge. A huge debris mound with all sides leading down to the saltwater level at 33 feet. Along the shallow freshwater depth of twenty feet or less are located speleothems. A 360 degree permanent guideline is installed allowing divers to safely explore the entire cenote within "natural daylight". Several cave passageways lead off from the cavern zone. Extreme care should be exercised not to wander into the cave system. 

Great place to go swimming and cool off. 

Private property but no divesite fee charged. 

First explored by Mike Madden an Denny Atkinson during July, 1986.

QUELQUES OPERATEURS LOCAUX - A FEW LOCAL DIVE OPERATORS ...

(Opérateur francophone !)

scuba diving and snorkeling mexico Hidden Worlds Cenotes
dive shop playa del carmen diving dive training certification mexico
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